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Titel Polyethylene bio-degradation by caterpillars of the wax moth Galleria mellonella
Subtitel
Author Paolo Bombelli, Christopher J. Howe, Federica Bertocchini
Abstract Plastics are synthetic polymers derived from fossil oil and largely resistant to biodegradation. Polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) represent ∼92% of total plastic production. PE is largely utilized in packaging, representing ∼40% of total demand for plastic products (www.plasticseurope.org) with over a trillion plastic bags used every year [1] . Plastic production has increased exponentially in the past 50 years ( Figure S1 A in Supplemental Information , published with this article online). In the 27 EU countries plus Norway and Switzerland up to 38% of plastic is discarded in landfills, with the rest utilized for recycling (26%) and energy recovery (36%) via combustion (www.plasticseurope.org), carrying a heavy environmental impact. Therefore, new solutions for plastic degradation are urgently needed. We report the fast bio-degradation of PE by larvae of the wax moth Galleria mellonella, producing ethylene glycol.
Methods
Results
Conclusions
dx.doi.org / URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2017.02.060
Published  Current Biology 

Quellen:
- Spiegel.de Online: Forscherin entdeckt zufällig Plastik fressende Raupe

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Titel Beekeeping from Antiquity Through the Middle Ages
Subtitel
Author Gene Kritsky
Abstract Beekeeping had its origins in honey hunting—the opportunistic stealing of
honey from wild honey bee nests. True beekeeping began when humans
started providing artificial cavities within which the bees could build comb
for the queen to lay her eggs and the workers could process honey. By
2450 BCE, the Egyptians had developed sophisticated apiculture, and, within
two millennia, beekeeping with horizontal hives had spread throughout the
Mediterranean. During Europe’s Middle Ages, honey and wax became important
commodities for trade, and beekeeping in skep, log, box, and tree
hives flourished to meet the demand. Other species of honey bees contributed
to the development and spread of beekeeping in Asia beginning around 300
BCE. Meanwhile, beekeeping evolved independently in Mesoamerica with
the stingless bee Melipona beecheii, as documented by archaeological finds
and written accounts that survived Spanish conquest.
Methods
Results
Conclusions
dx.doi.org / URL 10.1146/annurev-ento-031616-035115
Published  Annual Review of Entomology
Attachments:
FileDescriptionFile sizeDownloads
Download this file (annurev-ento-031616-035115.pdf)annurev-ento-031616-035115.pdf 5059 kB3573

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